If your cells of interest are bound to the beads (positive selection), the column is washed several times to make sure unbound or weakly-bound cells are washed through, then the column is removed from the magnet and the cell-bead complexes are eluted. If performing a negative selection, the flow-through is your population of interest and the bound beads and cells are discarded. After adding the antibody-coated beads to the cell mixture and incubating, the suspension is added to a special single-use separation column affixed to a magnet, to which the beads stick, while unlabeled cells flow through. The antibodies are specific for certain cell surface markers, either expressed on your population of interest (positive selection), or expressed on undesired cell types (negative selection). Magnetic-activated cell sorting (PDF download), or MACS, is a procedure developed by Miltenyi Biotec to separate cells from complex mixtures using antibody-coated magnetic nanoparticles.
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